June 11

June 11 is the 162nd day of the year (163rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 203 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 1184 BC – Trojan War: Troy is sacked and burned, according to calculations by Eratosthenes.
• 631 – Emperor Taizong of Tang, the Emperor of China, sends envoys to the Xueyantuo bearing gold and silk in order to seek the release of enslaved Chinese prisoners captured during the transition from Sui to Tang from the northern frontier; this embassy succeeded in freeing 80,000 Chinese men and women who were then returned to China.
• 1345 – The megas doux Alexios Apokaukos, chief minister of the Byzantine Empire, is lynched by political prisoners.
• 1429 – Hundred Years' War: start of the Battle of Jargeau.
• 1509 – Henry VIII of England marries Catherine of Aragon.
• 1594 – Philip II recognizes the rights and privileges of the local nobles and chieftains in the Philippines, which paves way to the creation of the Principalía (an elite ruling class of native nobility in Spanish Philippines).
• 1776 – The Continental Congress appoints Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman, and Robert R. Livingston to the Committee of Five to draft a declaration of independence.
• 1788 – Russian explorer Gerasim Izmailov reaches Alaska.
• 1805 – A fire consumes large portions of Detroit in the Michigan Territory.
• 1825 – The first cornerstone is laid for Fort Hamilton in New York City.
• 1837 – The Broad Street Riot occurs in Boston, fueled by ethnic tensions between Yankees and Irish.
• 1866 – The Allahabad High Court (then Agra High Court) is established in India.
• 1892 – The Limelight Department, one of the world's first film studios, is officially established in Melbourne, Australia.
• 1898 – Spanish-American War: U.S. war ships set sail for Cuba.
• 1898 – The Hundred Days' Reform is started by Guangxu Emperor with a plan to change social, political and educational institutions in China, but is suspended by Empress Dowager Cixi after 104 days. The failed reform though led to the abolition of Imperial Examination in 1905.
• 1901 – New Zealand annexes the Cook Islands.
• 1903 – Group of Serbian officers stormed royal palace and assassinated King Alexander Obrenović and his wife queen Draga.
• 1907 – George Dennett, aided by Gilbert Jessop, dismisses Northamptonshire for 12 runs, the lowest total in first-class cricket.
• 1917 – King Alexander assumes the throne of Greece after his father Constantine I abdicates under pressure by allied armies occupying Athens.
• 1919 – Sir Barton wins the Belmont Stakes, becoming the first horse to win the Triple Crown.
• 1920 – During the U.S. Republican National Convention in Chicago, U.S. Republican Party leaders gathered in a room at the Blackstone Hotel to come to a consensus on their candidate for the U.S. presidential election, leading the Associated Press to first coin the political phrase "smoke-filled room".
• 1935 – Inventor Edwin Armstrong gives the first public demonstration of FM broadcasting in the United States at Alpine, New Jersey.
• 1936 – The International Surrealist Exhibition opens in London, England.
• 1937 – Great Purge: The Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin executes eight army leaders.
• 1938 – Second Sino-Japanese War: The Battle of Wuhan starts.
• 1938 – Second Sino-Japanese War: The Chinese Nationalist government creates the 1938 Yellow River flood to halt Japanese forces. 500,000 to 900,000 civilians are killed.
• 1942 – World War II: The United States agrees to send Lend-Lease aid to the Soviet Union.
• 1955 – Eighty-three are killed and at least 100 are injured after an Austin-Healey and a Mercedes-Benz collide at the 24 Hours of Le Mans.
• 1956 – Start of Gal Oya riots, the first reported ethnic riots that target minority Sri Lankan Tamils in the Eastern Province. The total number of deaths is reportedly 150.
• 1962 – Frank Morris, John Anglin and Clarence Anglin allegedly become the only prisoners to escape from the prison on Alcatraz Island.
• 1963 – American Civil Rights Movement: Alabama Governor George Wallace stands at the door of Foster Auditorium at the University of Alabama in an attempt to block two black students, Vivian Malone and James Hood, from attending that school. Later in the day, accompanied by federalized National Guard troops, they are able to register.
• 1963 – Buddhist monk Thich Quang Duc burns himself with gasoline in a busy Saigon intersection to protest the lack of religious freedom in South Vietnam.
• 1964 – World War II veteran Walter Seifert runs amok in an elementary school in Cologne, Germany, killing at least eight children and two teachers and seriously injuring several more with a home-made flamethrower and a lance.
• 1970 – After being appointed on May 15, Anna Mae Hays and Elizabeth P. Hoisington officially receive their ranks as U.S. Army Generals, becoming the first females to do so.
• 1972 – The Eltham Well Hall rail crash, caused by an intoxicated train driver, kills six people and injures 126.
• 1978 – Altaf Hussain founds the students' political movement All Pakistan Muhajir Students Organisation (APMSO) in Karachi University.
• 1981 – A Richter Scale 6.9 magnitude earthquake at Golbaf, Iran, kills at least 2,000.
• 1998 – Compaq Computer pays $9 billion for Digital Equipment Corporation in the largest high-tech acquisition.
• 2001 – Timothy McVeigh is executed for his role in the Oklahoma City bombing.
• 2002 – Antonio Meucci is acknowledged as the first inventor of the telephone by the United States Congress.
• 2004 – Cassini-Huygens makes its closest flyby of the Saturn moon Phoebe.
• 2008 – Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper makes an historic official apology to Canada's First Nations in regard to a residential school abuse in which children are isolated from their homes, families and cultures for a century.

Births

• 1403 – John IV, Duke of Brabant (d. 1427)
• 1456 – Anne Neville, wife of Richard III of England (d. 1485)
• 1540 – Barnabe Googe, English poet (d. 1594)
• 1588 – George Wither, English writer (d. 1667)
• 1672 – Francesco Antonio Bonporti, Italian priest and composer (d. 1749)
• 1696 – Francis Edward James Keith, Scottish soldier and Prussian field marshal (d. 1758)
• 1704 – Carlos Seixas, Portuguese composer (d. 1742)
• 1713 – Edward Capell, English critic (d. 1781)
• 1723 – Johann Georg Palitzsch, German astronomer (d. 1788)
• 1726 – Infanta Maria Teresa Rafaela of Spain, Spanish-born Dauphine of France (d. 1746)
• 1741 – Joseph Warren, American doctor and soldier (d. 1775)
• 1776 – John Constable, English painter (d. 1837)
• 1797 – José Trinidad Reyes, Honduran national hero (d. 1855)
• 1815 – Julia Margaret Cameron, English photographer (d. 1879)
• 1842 – Carl von Linde, German engineer and industrialist (d. 1934)
• 1846 – William Louis Marshall, American general and engineer (d. 1920)
• 1847 – Millicent Fawcett, British suffragist and feminist (d. 1929)
• 1864 – Richard Strauss, German composer and conductor (d. 1949)
• 1867 – Charles Fabry, French physicist (d. 1945)
• 1871 – Stjepan Radić, Croatian politician (d. 1928)
• 1876 – Alfred L. Kroeber, American anthropologist (d. 1960)
• 1877 – Renee Vivien, English-born French poet (d. 1909)
• 1879 – Roger Bresnahan, American baseball player (d. 1944)
• 1880 – Jeannette Rankin, American politician, feminist and pacifist (d. 1973)
• 1888 – Bartolomeo Vanzetti, Italian anarchist (d. 1927)
• 1894 – Dai Vernon ("The Professor"), Canadian magician (d. 1992)
• 1895 – Nikolai Bulganin, Soviet politician (d. 1975)
• 1897 – Grand Duchess Tatiana of Russia (d. 1918)
• 1903 – Ernie Nevers, American football player (d. 1976)
• 1910 – Jacques-Yves Cousteau, French explorer and inventor (d. 1997)
• 1910 – Carmine Coppola, American composer, director and songwriter (d. 1991)
• 1912 – James Algar, American film director (d. 1998)
• 1913 – Vince Lombardi, American football coach (d. 1970)
• 1913 – Risë Stevens, American operatic soprano
• 1914 – Gerald Mohr, American actor (d. 1968)
• 1915 – Nicholas Metropolis, Greek-American mathematician, physicist and computer scientist (d. 1999)
• 1917 – Joseph B. Wirthlin, American LDS apostle (d. 2008)
• 1919 – Richard Todd, British actor (d. 2009)
• 1920 – Shelly Manne, American jazz drummer (d. 1984)
• 1920 – Hazel Scott, Trinidad and Tobago-born American singer (d. 1981)
• 1920 – Irving Howe, American literary and social critic (d. 1993)
• 1922 – John Bromfield, American actor (d. 2005)
• 1922 – Michael Cacoyannis, Cypriot film maker
• 1925 – William Styron, American novelist and essayist (d. 2006)
• 1926 – Carlisle Floyd, American composer
• 1928 – Fabiola de Mora y Aragón, Spanish-born Queen consort of the Belgians
• 1930 – Charles B. Rangel, American politician
• 1931 – Audrey Schuh, American soprano
• 1932 – Athol Fugard, South African playwright
• 1933 – Gene Wilder, American actor
• 1934 – Henrik, French-born Prince Consort of Denmark
• 1936 – Jud Strunk, American singer, songwriter and comedian (d. 1981)
• 1936 – Chad Everett, American actor
• 1937 – Robin Warren, Australian pathologist, Nobel laureate
• 1937 – Johnny Brown, American comedian
• 1939 – Sir Jackie Stewart, Scottish race car driver, three-time Formula One world champion and former F1 team principal
• 1939 – Bernard Purdie, American session drummer
• 1939 – Christina Crawford, American actress and writer
• 1940 – Joey Dee, American musician (Joey Dee and the Starliters)
• 1944 – Roscoe Orman, American actor
• 1945 – Adrienne Barbeau, American actress
• 1947 – Laloo Prasad Yadav, Indian politician
• 1947 – Henry Cisneros, American politician, former Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
• 1947 – Richard Palmer-James, British lyricist and guitarist (King Crimson, Supertramp)
• 1947 – Bob Evans, British racing driver
• 1948 – Dave Cash, American Major League baseball player
• 1948 – Michael Swan, American actor
• 1949 – Frank Beard, American drummer (ZZ Top)
• 1949 – Tom Pryce, British racing driver (d. 1977)
• 1950 – Lynsey de Paul, British singer and songwriter
• 1950 – Graham Russell, British guitarist and vocalist (Air Supply)
• 1951 – Yasumasa Morimura, Japanese appropriation artist
• 1951 – Mark D. Siljander, American politician, former Republican Representative from Michigan
• 1952 – Donnie Van Zant, American rock vocalist and guitarist (38 Special, Van Zant)
• 1953 – Peter Bergman, American actor
• 1953 – José Bové, French political activist
• 1953 – Georgios Orfanos, Greek politician
• 1955 – Yuriy Sedykh, Soviet (Ukrainian) hammer thrower
• 1956 – Steven A. Cohen, American hedge fund manager and founder of SAC Capital Advisors
• 1956 – Joe Montana. American football player
• 1957 – Jamaaladeen Tacuma, American free jazz bassist
• 1959 – Hugh Laurie, English actor and comedian
• 1959 – Magnum T.A., American professional wrestler
• 1961 – María Barranco, Spanish actress
• 1962 – Erika Salumäe, Estonian cyclist
• 1963 – Bruce Kimball, American diver
• 1963 – Sandra Schmirler, Canadian curler (d. 2000)
• 1964 – Jean Alesi, French Formula One driver
• 1965 – Manuel Uribe, Mexican, one of the heaviest men in history
• 1967 – Clare Carey, American actress
• 1967 – João Garcia, Portuguese mountaineer
• 1968 – Alois, Switzerland-born hereditary Prince of Liechtenstein
• 1969 – Peter Dinklage, American actor
• 1969 – Steven Drozd, American drummer and guitarist (The Flaming Lips)
• 1969 – Bryan Fogarty, Canadian professional ice hockey player (d. 2002)
• 1969 – Matt McGrath, American actor
• 1970 – Chris Rice, American singer and songwriter
• 1970 – Kang Ho Dong, Korean traditional wrestler and MC
• 1973 – José Manuel Abundis, Mexican footballer
• 1974 – David Starie, British boxer
• 1975 – Choi Ji Woo, South Korean actress and model
• 1975 – Thomas Bimis, Greek diver
• 1976 – Gran Naniwa, Japanese professional wrestler
• 1977 – Geoff Ogilvy, Australian golfer
• 1977 – Ryan Dunn, American actor
• 1977 – Shane Meier, Canadian actor
• 1978 – Joshua Jackson, Canadian actor
• 1978 – Ujjwala Raut, Indian supermodel
• 1979 – Amy Taylor, Australian footballer, television presenter and model
• 1980 – Yhency Brazobán, Dominican baseball player
• 1981 – Emiliano Moretti, Italian footballer
• 1982 – Eldar Rønning, Norwegian cross-country skier
• 1982 – Johnny Candido, American professional wrestler
• 1982 – Joey Graham, American basketball player
• 1982 – Stephen Graham, American basketball player
• 1982 – Diana Taurasi, American basketball player
• 1983 – Chuck Hayes, American basketball player
• 1983 – José Reyes, Dominican baseball player
• 1984 – Andy Lee, Irish boxer
• 1984 – Vágner Love, Brazilian footballer
• 1985 – Chris Trousdale, American pop singer and dancer
• 1986 – Shia LaBeouf, American actor
• 1986 – Chase Clement, American football quarterback
• 1987 – TiA, Japanese R&B singer
• 1987 – Didrik Solli-Tangen, Norwegian singer and Eurovision contestant
• 1988 – Yui Aragaki, Japanese actress and model
• 1989 – Maya Moore, American basketball player

Deaths

• 1183 – Henry the Young King, son of Henry II of England (b. 1155)
• 1216 – Henry of Flanders, Emperor of the Latin Empire
• 1488 – King James III of Scotland (b. 1451)
• 1557 – King John III of Portugal (b. 1502)
• 1695 – André Félibien, French architect (b. 1619)
• 1712 – Louis Joseph, duc de Vendôme, Marshal of France (b. 1654)
• 1727 – King George I of Great Britain (b. 1660)
• 1796 – Samuel Whitbread, English brewer (Whitbread Group PLC) and politician (b. 1720)
• 1847 – John Franklin, English sea captain and explorer (b. 1786)
• 1852 – Karl Briullov, Russian painter (b. 1799)
• 1858 – Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, Austrian statesman (b. 1773)
• 1879 – Prince Willem of the Netherlands, disgraced heir apparent to the Dutch throne (b. 1840)
• 1882 – Louis Maigret, Roman Catholic prelate (b. 1804)
• 1903 – Nikolai Bugaev, Russian mathematician (b. 1837)
• 1903 – Alexander Obrenovich, King of Serbia (b. 1876)
• 1911 – James Curtis Hepburn, American missionary and linguist (b. 1815)
• 1914 – Adolf Friedrich V, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (b. 1848)
• 1920 – William F. Halsey, Sr., United States Naval Officer (b. 1853)
• 1924 – Théodore Dubois, French composer and teacher (b. 1837)
• 1927 – William Attewell, English cricketer (b. 1861)
• 1934 – Lev Vygotsky, Russian psychologist (b. 1896)
• 1936 – Robert E. Howard, American writer (b. 1906)
• 1937 – R. J. (Reginald Joseph) Mitchell, British aircraft designer (b. 1895)
• 1941 – Daniel Carter Beard, founder of the Boy Scouts of America (b. 1850)
• 1963 – Thích Quảng Đức, Vietnamese Buddhist monk (b. 1897)
• 1965 – José Mendes Cabeçadas, 95^th Prime Minister of Portugal and 9^th President of Portugal (b. 1883)
• 1970 – Earl Grant, American pianist, organist and singer (b. 1931)
• 1970 – Frank Laubach, Christian missionary (b. 1884)
• 1970 – William 'Billy Batts' Devino, American crime figure (b. 1921)
• 1974 – Julius Evola, Italian philosopher (b. 1898)
• 1974 – Eurico Gaspar Dutra, President of Brazil (b. 1883)
• 1976 – Jim Konstanty, American baseball player (b. 1917)
• 1979 – John Wayne, American actor (b. 1907)
• 1982 – Al Rinker, American singer (The Rhythm Boys) (b. 1907)
• 1984 – Enrico Berlinguer, Italian politician (b. 1922)
• 1985 – Karen Ann Quinlan, American right-to-die cause célèbre (b. 1954)
• 1985 – Sapfo Notara, Greek actress (b. 1907)
• 1986 – Chesley Bonestell, American engineer, architect and artist (b. 1888)
• 1991 – Cromwell Everson, South African composer (b. 1925)
• 1993 – Ray Sharkey, American actor (b. 1952)
• 1996 – Brigitte Helm, German actress (b. 1908)
• 1998 – Catherine Cookson, British novelist (b. 1906)
• 1999 – DeForest Kelley, American actor (b. 1920)
• 2001 – Timothy McVeigh, American terrorist (b. 1968)
• 2001 – Amalia Mendoza, Mexican singer (b. 1923)
• 2003 – David Brinkley, American television reporter (b. 1920)
• 2004 – Egon von Furstenberg, Swiss fashion designer (b. 1946)
• 2005 – Vasco Gonçalves, Portuguese general (b. 1922)
• 2006 – Bruce Shand, father of Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall (b. 1917)
• 2006 – Michael Bartosh, computer expert and author (b. 1977)
• 2006 – Neroli Fairhall, New Zealand archer (b. 1944)
• 2007 – Imre Friedmann, American scientist (b. 1921)
• 2007 – Mala Powers, American film actress (b. 1931)
• 2008 – Võ Văn Kiệt, former prime minister of Vietnam (b. 1922)
• 2008 – Ove Andersson, Swedish rally driver (b. 1938)
• 2008 – Miroslav Dvořák, Czechoslovak ice hockey player (b. 1951)
• 2010 – Zenani Mandela, Nelson Mandela's great granddaughter (b. 1997)

Holidays and observances

• Christian Feast Day
  • Barnabas the Apostle
  • Bartholomew the Apostle (Eastern Christianity)
  • June 11 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• Davis Day (Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Canada)
• Kamehameha Day, official state holiday of Hawaii, United States
• Matralia, in honor of Mater Matuta. (Roman Empire)
• The fifth day of the Vestalia. (Roman Empire)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada